AQA AS Jun 2016 Paper 2 Q3

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Octane and isooctane are structural isomers with the molecular formula C8H18 The displayed formulas and boiling points of octane and isooctane are shown in Figure 2. Figure 2 . 1 Give the IUPAC name for isooctane. [1 mark] . 2 Octane and isooctane can be separated in the laboratory. Name a laboratory technique that could be used to separate isooctane from a mixture of octane and isooctane. Outline how this technique separates isooctane from octane. [3 marks] Name Outline 0 3 0 3 *06* M/JUN16/7404/2<br /> 0 3 . 3 Isooctane is added to petrol to increase its octane rating. Some high-performance engines require fuel with a higher octane rating. Write an equation for the complete combustion of isooctane. Use the molecular formula (C8H18) of isooctane in your equation.[1 mark] [2 marks] . 4 Explain, in general terms, how a catalyst works. . 5 Carbon monoxide is produced when incomplete combustion takes place in engines. Nitrogen monoxide is another pollutant produced in car engines. Write an equation to show how these pollutants react together in a catalytic converter. [1 mark] . 6 Platinum, palladium and rhodium are metals used inside catalytic converters. A very thin layer of the metals is used on a honeycomb ceramic support. Explain why a thin layer is used in this way. [2 marks] 0 3 0 3 0 3 Question 3 continues on the next page *07* Turn overM/JUN16/7404/2<br /> 0 3 . 7 Oleic acid (C18H34O2) is a straight-chain fatty acid obtained from plant oils. Isooctane can be made from oleic acid. The skeletal formula of oleic acid is shown in Figure 3. Figure 3 Identify a reagent that could be used in a chemical test to show that oleic acid is unsaturated. State what would be observed in this test. [2 marks] Reagent Observation *08* M/JUN16/7404/2<br /> Turn over for the next questionDO NOT WRITE ON THIS PAGE ANSWER IN THE SPACES PROVIDED *09* Turn overM/JUN16/7404/2<br />

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