1 Ionic and covalent Bonding

 

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Oxford Textbook Pages : 59 - 67

CGP Revision Guide Pages : 42 - 45

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Show Specification Ref : 2.2.2a, 2.2.2b, 2.2.2c, 2.2.2d, 2.2.2e, 2.2.2f

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Question 1 / 5

AQA Jan 2010 Paper 1 Q3 pmt areas outside the box will not be scanned for marking the table below shows the boiling points of some hydrogen compounds formed by group elements boiling point k h o h s h se h te a state the strongest type of intermolecular force in water and in hydrogen sulfide h s water hydrogen sulfide marks b draw a diagram to show how two molecules of water are attracted to each other by the type of intermolecular force you stated in part a include partial charges and all lone pairs of electrons in your diagram marks c explain why the boiling point of water is much higher than the boiling point of hydrogen sulfide mark d explain why the boiling points increase from h s to h te marks wmp jan chem pmt areas outside the box will not be scanned for marking e when h ions react with h o molecules h o ions are formed name the type of bond formed when h ions react with h o molecules explain how this type of bond is formed in the h o ion type of bond explanation marks f sodium sulfide na s has a melting point of k predict the type of bonding in sodium sulfide and explain why its melting point is high type of bonding explanation marks extra space turn over for the next question turn over wmp jan chem
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Question 2 / 5

AQA Jan 2012 Paper 1 Q1 section a answer all questions in the spaces provided do not write outside the box a fluorine forms compounds with many other elements fluorine reacts with bromine to form liquid bromine trifluoride brf state the type of bond between br and f in brf and state how this bond is formed type of bond how bond is formed marks b two molecules of brf react to form ions as shown by the following equation brf brf brf b i draw the shape of brf and predict its bond angle include any lone pairs of electrons that influence the shape shape of brf bond angle marks b ii draw the shape of brf and predict its bond angle include any lone pairs of electrons that influence the shape shape of brf bond angle marks wmp jan chem do not write outside the box c ions are also formed when potassium fluoride dissolves in liquid brf to form brf kbrf explain in terms of bonding why kbrf has a high melting point marks extra space d fluorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen fluoride hf d i state the strongest type of intermolecular force between hydrogen fluoride molecules mark d ii draw a diagram to show how two molecules of hydrogen fluoride are attracted to each other by the type of intermolecular force that you stated in part d i include all partial charges and all lone pairs of electrons in your diagram e the boiling points of fluorine and hydrogen fluoride are oc and oc respectively explain in terms of bonding why the boiling point of fluorine is very low marks marks extra space turn over wmp jan chem
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Question 3 / 5

AQA Jan 2010 Paper 2 Q10 a when chlorine gas dissolves in cold water a pale green solution is formed in this solution the following equilibrium is established areas outside the box will not be scanned for marking cl g h o l h aq cl aq hclo aq give the formula of the species responsible for the pale green colour in the solution of chlorine in water use le chatelier s principle to explain why the green colour disappears when sodium hydroxide solution is added to this solution marks extra space wmp jan chem b consider the following reaction in which iodide ions behave as reducing agents areas outside the box will not be scanned for marking cl aq i aq i aq cl aq in terms of electrons state the meaning of the term reducing agent deduce the half equation for the conversion of chlorine into chloride ions explain why iodide ions are stronger reducing agents than chloride ions marks extra space question continues on the next page turn over wmp jan chem areas outside the box will not be scanned for marking c when chlorine reacts with water in bright sunlight only two products are formed one of these products is a colourless odourless gas and the other is an acidic solution that reacts with silver nitrate solution to give a white precipitate write an equation for the reaction of chlorine with water in bright sunlight name the white precipitate and state what you would observe when an excess of aqueous ammonia is added to it marks extra space wmp jan chem areas outside the box will not be scanned for marking d the reaction of chlorine with ethene is similar to that of bromine with ethene name and outline a mechanism for the reaction of chlorine with ethene to form dichloroethane as shown by the following equation h c ch cl clch ch cl marks end of questions wmp jan chem
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Question 4 / 5

AQA Jan 2012 Paper 2 Q5 do not write outside the box iodine reacts with concentrated nitric acid to produce nitrogen dioxide no a i give the oxidation state of iodine in each of the following i hio marks a ii complete the balancing of the following equation i hno hio no h o mark b in industry iodine is produced from the nalo that remains after sodium nitrate has been crystallised from the mineral chile saltpetre the final stage involves the reaction between nalo and nal in acidic solution half equations for the redox processes are given below io e h l h o l l e use these half equations to deduce an overall ionic equation for the production of iodine by this process identify the oxidising agent overall ionic equation the oxidising agent marks wmp jan chem do not write outside the box c when concentrated sulfuric acid is added to potassium iodide solid sulfur and a black solid are formed c i identify the black solid mark c ii deduce the half equation for the formation of sulfur from concentrated sulfuric acid mark d when iodide ions react with concentrated sulfuric acid in a different redox reaction the oxidation state of sulfur changes from to the reduction product of this reaction is a poisonous gas that has an unpleasant smell identify this gas mark e a yellow precipitate is formed when silver nitrate solution acidified with dilute nitric acid is added to an aqueous solution containing iodide ions e i write the simplest ionic equation for the formation of the yellow precipitate mark e ii state what is observed when concentrated ammonia solution is added to this precipitate mark e iii state why the silver nitrate is acidified when testing for iodide ions mark question continues on the next page turn over wmp jan chem do not write outside the box f consider the following reaction in which iodide ions behave as reducing agents cl aq i aq i aq cl aq f i in terms of electrons state the meaning of the term reducing agent mark f ii write a half equation for the conversion of chlorine into chloride ions mark f iii suggest why iodide ions are stronger reducing agents than chloride ions marks extra space wmp jan chem
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Question 5 / 5

AQA Jun 2014 Paper 5 Q3 do not write outside the box a this question is about some period elements and their oxides describe what you would observe when in the absence of air magnesium is heated strongly with water vapour at temperatures above k write an equation for the reaction that occurs marks observations equation b explain why magnesium has a higher melting point than sodium marks extra space c state the structure of and bonding in silicon dioxide other than a high melting point give two physical properties of silicon dioxide that are characteristic of its structure and bonding marks structure bonding physical property physical property wmp jun chem d give the formula of the species in a sample of solid phosphorus v oxide state the structure of and describe fully the bonding in this oxide do not write outside the box marks formula structure bonding e sulfur iv oxide reacts with water to form a solution containing ions write an equation for this reaction mark f write an equation for the reaction between the acidic oxide phosphorus v oxide and the basic oxide magnesium oxide mark turn over for the next question turn over wmp jun chem
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