OCR A Jan 2013 Paper 1 Q3

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3 Successive ionisation energies provide evidence for the existence of different shells in atoms. (a) Define, in words, the term first ionisation energy.[3] (b) (i) Write an equation to represent the second ionisation energy of oxygen. Include state symbols.[1] (ii) On the axes below, add crosses to estimate the successive ionisation energies of oxygen. The second ionisation energy has been added for you. It is not necessary to join your points. ionisation energy 2 6 ionisation energy number [2]OCR 2013 Turn over<br />
 (c) The first ionisation energy of oxygen is less than the first ionisation energy of fluorine. Explain why.[3] (d) When oxygen reacts with metals it forms oxide ions. Write the electron configurations, in terms of sub-shells, of an oxygen atom and an oxide ion. Hence, explain why this reaction of oxygen is typical of a non-metal. oxygen atomoxide ion[2] (e) Many ions contain oxygen combined with atoms of other elements. For example, the nitrate(V) ion has the formula NO3 . (i) In the table below, write the formula of the sulfate(IV) ion and the chlorate(III) ion. Ion Ionic charge Formula Nitrate(V) Sulfate(IV) Chlorate(III) 1 2 1 NO3 (ii) Write the formula of aluminium nitrate(V).[1] [2]OCR 2013<br />
 (iii) Aluminium nitrate(V) can be made by reacting a base with an acid. For this reaction, name a suitable base and write the formula of the acid. name of baseformula of the acid[2] [Total: 16]OCR 2013 Turn over<br />

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