Edexcel Jun 2017 Paper 1 Q23

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23 Cycloalkanes are hydrocarbons which contain a ring of carbon atoms. Cycloalkanes have essentially the same chemical reactions as alkanes such as butane and pentane. Cyclopentane, which has a five-carbon ring, is a foam-blowing agent used to propel insulation into the doors and cases of refrigerators. The use of cyclopentane, rather than CFCs, reduces greenhouse gas emissions from this process by 99%. cyclopentane (a) (i) Write the empirical formula of cyclopentane. D O N O T W R I T E I N T H I S A R E A (1)(ii) Suggest the general formula of the cycloalkanes. (1)(b) Cyclopentane may be manufactured by reforming pentane, which is obtained from crude oil. (i) Name the first stage in the process used to obtain compounds such as pentane from crude oil. (1)(ii) Write an equation for the reforming of pentane into cyclopentane. State symbols are not required. (1) 26 *P53491A02632* D O N O T W R I T E I N T H I S A R E A D O N O T W R I T E I N T H I S A R E A<br /> (c) Cyclopentane and methane react with chlorine by the same mechanism. (i) State the essential condition for the reaction between cyclopentane and chlorine. (1)(ii) Give the propagation stage for the reaction between cyclopentane and chlorine by completing the first equation of this stage and then writing the second equation. Curly half-arrows are not required. (2) A E R A S I H T N I E T I R W T O N O D + Cl (cid:111) Equation 1 A E R A S I H T N Equation 2 I E T I R W T O N O D A E R A S I H T N I E T I R W T O N O D *P53491A02732* 27 Turn over<br /> (iii) The termination stage of the reaction between cyclopentane and chlorine produces only one hydrocarbon. Draw the displayed formula of this hydrocarbon. (1) (Total for Question 23 = 8 marks) TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 60 MARKS TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS 28 *P53491A02832* D O N O T W R I T E I N T H I S A R E A D O N O T W R I T E I N T H I S A R E A D O N O T W R I T E I N T H I S A R E A<br />

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