Edexcel Jun 2010 Paper 4 Q18

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PMT 18 This question is about butanoic acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH. (a) Some reactions involving butanoic acid are shown below. CH3CH2CH2CN CH3CH2CH2CH2OH Reaction A Reaction D CH3CH2CH2COOCH3 Reaction B Reaction C CH3CH2CH2COOH PCl5 (i) What type of reaction is Reaction A? (1)(ii) Identify, by name or formula, the reagent which is used with sulfuric acid to carry out Reaction B. (1)(iii) What reagent is used in Reaction C? (1)(iv) Name the organic product of Reaction D and write a balanced equation for its formation. (2) NameEquation (v) Write the displayed formula for Z, the organic product of the reaction of butanoic acid with phosphorus(V) chloride, PCl5. (1) 12 *N36506A01224*<br />
 PMT (b) Butanoic acid and propane-1,2,3-triol are formed when fats in milk are hydrolysed. The presence of milk fat in low fat spreads is detected by hydrolysing the spread, and then analysing the products using gas chromatography (also called gas-liquid chromatography, GLC). (i) Explain why nitrogen, rather than oxygen, is used as the carrier gas in GLC. (1)(ii) What property determines whether butanoic acid or propane-1,2,3-triol would move faster through the chromatography column? (1)(c) The formula of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid is shown below. HOCCH2COOH CH3 (i) 3-hydroxybutanoic acid can form a polymer which is used to make green packaging as it is biodegradable. Draw a section of this polymer, showing TWO monomer units. Clearly show any double bonds. (ii) The polymer cannot be used in acidic conditions. What reaction would occur when the polymer is in prolonged contact with an acid? (2) (1)(Total for Question 18 = 11 marks) *N36506A01324* 13 Turn over<br />
 PMT BLANK PAGE 14 *N36506A01424*<br />

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