Edexcel Jun 2014 (IAL) Paper 1 Q24 (with explained solutions) |

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Edexcel Jun 2014 (IAL) Paper 1 Q24

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24 This question is about atomic structure. (a) Draw diagrams to show the shape of an s-orbital and of a p-orbital. s-orbital p-orbital (b) Complete the table to show the number of electrons that completely fill the following regions. Number of electrons present when completely filled Region a d-orbital a p sub-shell the third shell (n = 3) (2) (3) 20 *P42976A02024*<br />
(c) The energy diagram below is for the eight electrons present in an oxygen atom. Complete the diagram for an oxygen atom by adding labels to identify the other occupied sub-shells (cid:120) (cid:120) arrows to show how the remaining six electrons are arranged in the orbitals. (2)energy1s(cid:1)(cid:1) (d) Successive ionization energies provide evidence for the arrangement of electrons in atoms. The eight successive ionization energies of oxygen are shown in the table below. Ionization number Ionization energy / kJ mol1 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 1314 3388 5301 7469 10989 13327 71337 84080 (i) Define the term first ionization energy. (3)*P42976A02124* 21 Turn over<br />
(ii) Write an equation, with state symbols, to show the third ionization energy of oxygen. *(iii) Explain how the data in the table provide evidence that there are two occupied electron shells in an oxygen atom. (2) (2)(Total for Question 24 = 14 marks) TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 60 MARKS TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS 22 *P42976A02224*<br />

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Acceptable Answers Reject s-orbital p-orbital (s-orbital) Circle drawn ALLOW Concentric circles drawn (1) (p-orbital) Figure of 8 / dumb-bell drawn NOTE: p-orbital can be drawn along any axis (axis does not have to be shown) (1) ALLOW If one, two or three p-orbitals of correct shapes are shown If overlapping orbitals are shown of correct shape in both cases, award (1) mark Acceptable Answers Reject (region) (no. of electrons) (a d-orbital) 2 (1) (a p sub-shell) 6 (1) (the third shell) 18 (1) Question Number 24(a) Question Number 24(b) Mark Mark WCH0101 1406<br />
Acceptable Answers Reject First mark: BOTH 2s and 2p labelled ALLOW 2s2 and 2p4 (1) 2p6 Second mark: ALL eight e shown correctly (1) 2p energy 2s (1s) ALLOW Half-arrows or full arrows for each electron Paired arrows in any one of the 2p orbitals NOTE Single arrows must be orientated in same direction Paired arrows must have opposite spins Question Number 24(c) Mark WCH0101 1406<br />
Question Number 24(d)(i) First mark: Acceptable Answers Mark Reject Energy given out for first mark Just gaseous element/ gaseous substance (1) (1) (1) Makes mention of energy/enthalpy/(heat) energy/heat (change/required) AND to remove an electron Second mark: one mole/1 mol Third mark: Makes mention of gaseous atom(s) ALTERNATIVE ANSWER Energy change per mole / kJ mol1 for (1) X(g)X+(g) + e() (2) One mark for species One mark for correct state symbols Mark independently IGNORE any references to standard conditions WCH0101 1406<br />
Question Number 24(d)(ii) O2+(g)eO3+(g) Acceptable Answers Reject Reverse equation scores (0) overall Mark OR O2+(g)O3+(g) + e All species and balancing correct (1) State symbols correct (1) 2nd mark is dependent on 1st mark ALLOW e for e IGNORE (g) on the e WCH0101 1406<br />
Question Number 24(d)(iii) Acceptable Answers Reject Mark Any other ionization jumps mentioned First mark: Big jump / large increase (1) Second mark: between 6th and 7th (IE) OR after the 6th OR to the 7th OR from 13327 to 71337 OR of 58010 IGNORE Additional jump identified between 4th and 5th (IE) if justified in terms of a change of sub-shell OR Additional jump identified between 4th and 5th (IE) if justified in terms of NOT being a change of shell (1) (Total for Question 24 = 14 marks) SECTION B = 60 marks TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 marks WCH0101 1406<br />

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