Edexcel Jun 2010 Paper 1 Q18

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PMT 18 This question is about ethene and related compounds. (a) One way to manufacture ethene is by cracking hydrocarbon molecules such as liquid paraffin. (i) Name a raw material from which liquid paraffin can be obtained. (1)(ii) Describe what is meant by cracking. (2)(iii) It was proposed to set up the apparatus below on a laboratory bench, in order to crack paraffin. ceramic fibre soaked in paraffin clamp here Bunsen burner aluminium oxide granules water State TWO of the risks of using the apparatus in this way and suggest how you would amend the set-up to minimise each risk. (4)20 *N35691A02028*<br /> PMT (b) Study the reaction scheme below and then answer the questions that follow. compound X Br2 Reaction 2 bromoethane HBr Reaction 3 ethene Reaction 1 Reaction 4 KMnO4/H+ ethane ethane-1,2-diol (i) Name the reagent and catalyst needed for Reaction 1. (2) ReagentCatalyst(ii) Give the name and displayed formula of compound X. (2) NameDisplayed formula (iii) Describe what colour change you would see during Reaction 4 if a small amount of acidified KMnO4(aq) was shaken with ethene. (1) From to *N35691A02128* 21 Turn over<br /> PMT (3) (1) (c) (i) Use displayed formulae to show the mechanism for Reaction 3. (ii) Explain why the alkene, propene, could form two products when it reacts with hydrogen bromide in a similar way.22 *N35691A02228*<br /> PMT (d) The formula of the alkene phenylethene, often called styrene, is shown below. It can be used to make the polymer poly(styrene). C6H5 phenylethene Draw a section of the poly(styrene) polymer chain formed from two monomer units. (2) *N35691A02328* 23 Turn over<br /> PMT (e) The table below shows some data used in a life cycle analysis of polystyrene and paper drinking cups. Paper Cup Polystyrene Cup Raw Materials (per cup) Wood or bark Petroleum fractions Energy used (per tonne of material made) Water released into environment (per tonne of material made) Air emissions (per tonne of material made) Chlorine / chlorine dioxide Sulfides / sulfur dioxide Hydrocarbons 26 g 2.2 g 980 kWh 120 m3 0.4 kg 11 kg 0 kg 0 g 3.4 g 280 kWh 2.5 m3 0 kg 3.5 kg 40 kg (i) Some people argue that using a polystyrene cup has less environmental impact than using a paper cup. Choose TWO pieces of data to support this argument, explaining your choices. (2)24 *N35691A02428*<br /> PMT (ii) Suggest TWO further pieces of information, not given in the table, regarding the life cycle of the cups that would make any assessment of the environmental impact more reliable. (2)(Total for Question 18 = 22 marks) TOTAL FOR SECTION B = 60 MARKS TOTAL FOR PAPER = 80 MARKS *N35691A02528* 25<br />

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