CIE Nov 2016 v2 Paper 2 Q3

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The Periodic Table is arranged such that the properties of the elements show a number of trends. (a) A plot of the first ionisation energies for the first 18 elements is shown. PMT ionisation energy / kJ mol1 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 10 12 14 16 18 atomic number (i) Explain why the values show a general increase from atomic number 11 to 18.[2] (ii) Explain the decreases in first ionisation energies between atomic numbers 12 and 13,atomic numbers 15 and 16.[4] (iii) Suggest an explanation for the trend in the first ionisation energies of the elements with atomic numbers 2, 10 and 18.[2]UCLES 2016 9701/22/O/N/16<br /> (b) A plot of the melting points of the elements across the third period is shown. PMT melting point / K 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 atomic number (i) Explain the increase in melting point from atomic number 11 to 12.[2] (ii) Suggest a reason why the increase from atomic number 12 to 13 is much smaller than the increase from atomic number 11 to 12.[1] (iii) State and explain the pattern of the melting points from atomic number 15 to 18.[3] (iv) Explain why the element with atomic number 14 has a melting point so much higher than the rest of the elements in the third period.[1]UCLES 2016 9701/22/O/N/16 [Total: 15] [Turn over<br />

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