Edexcel Jan 2013 Paper 4 Q15

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SECTION B Answer ALL the questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided. 15 Citric acid is found in lemon juice. The structure and formula of citric acid are shown below. H C COOH HO C COOH H C COOH C6H8O7 (a) In the presence of a small amount of moisture, citric acid reacts with sodium hydrogencarbonate as shown in the equation below. C6H8O7(s) + 3NaHCO3(s) o Na3C6H5O7(s) + 3CO2(g) + 3H2O(l) Use the structural formula of citric acid to explain why one mole of citric acid neutralizes three moles of sodium hydrogencarbonate. (1)*P41214A01128* 11 Turn over<br />
 (b) You will need to refer to the data booklet in the calculations which follow. You should also use the values given below. compound Na3C6H5O7(s) C6H8O7(s) S9/ J mol1 K1 200.5 199.9 (i) Calculate the standard entropy change of the system, S9 system, for the following reaction at 298 K. Include a sign and units in your answer. C6H8O7(s) + 3NaHCO3(s) o Na3C6H5O7(s) + 3CO2(g) + 3H2O(l) *(ii) Explain how the sign of your answer to (b)(i) could be predicted from the equation for the reaction between citric acid and sodium hydrogencarbonate. (2) (2)12 *P41214A01228*<br />
 (iii) Given that H9 298 for the reaction shown in (b)(i) is +70 kJ mol1, calculate the standard entropy change of the surroundings, S9 298 K. Include a sign and units in your answer. surroundings, for this reaction at (iv) Calculate the total entropy change, S9 total, for this reaction at 298 K. (v) What does the sign of S9 total suggest about this reaction at 298 K? (2) (1) (1)(Total for Question 15 = 9 marks) *P41214A01328* 13 Turn over<br />

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